ACMICD; ECTOL1; FBN; GPHYSD2; MASS; MFLS; MFS1; OCTD; SGS; SSKS; WMS; WMS2
The FBN1 gene is associated with autosomal dominant Marfan syndrome (MedGen UID: 44287), MASS syndrome (MedGen UID: 346932), thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection (MedGen UID: 1644766), isolated ectopia lentis (MedGen UID: 762106), stiff skin syndrome (MedGen UID: 348877), Weill-Marchesani syndrome 2 (MedGen UID: 358388), geleophysic dysplasia 2 (MedGen UID: 481684), acromicric dysplasia (MedGen UID: 78549) and Marfan lipodystrophy syndrome (MedGen UID: 934763).
FBN1
Order this gene as a single gene test.
Invitae tests that include this gene:
Pathogenic FBN1 variants are associated with 70%-93% of clinical cases of Marfan syndrome and are a rare cause of TAAD.
The FBN1 gene encodes fibrillin-1, a large, extracellular matrix glycoprotein, which is a major structural component of microfibrils. Microfibrils provide a scaffold for elastin deposition for the force bearing structural support in connective tissue throughout the body (PMID: 24925629, PMID: 25606393).
OMIM: 134797
Clinical condition
The FBN1 gene is associated with autosomal dominant Marfan syndrome (MFS; MedGen UID: 44287), MASS syndrome (MedGen UID: 346932), thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (MedGen UID: 468423), isolated ectopia lentis (MedGen UID: 342716), and stiff skin syndrome (MedGen UID: 348877). Other FBN1-related conditions have been reported (OMIM: 134797).
FBN1-related conditions are a spectrum of connective tissue disorders primarily involving the cardiovascular, skeletal, pulmonary, and ocular systems.
Gene information
The FBN1 gene encodes the fibrillin-1 protein, a large glycoprotein that is part of the extracellular matrix structures called microfibrils (PMID: 3536967, 1852207). Microfibrils are ubiquitous elements of connective tissue and perform tissue-specific functions, including elasticity in skin, ligaments, and blood vessels, and more rigid structural support in bones, nerves, muscles, and lenses. Microfibrils have also been shown to sequester the transforming growth factor beta and modulate its activity contributing to organ growth and repair (PMID: 27437668).
Inheritance
FBN1-related conditions exhibit autosomal dominant inheritance. This means that an individual with a pathogenic variant has a 50% chance of passing that variant on to their offspring. FBN1 pathogenic variants exhibit high penetrance but variable expression, meaning that almost all individuals who inherit a disease-causing variant will develop some feature of these disorders, but those features vary among individuals (PMID: 10774478, 17657824). Virtually every individual with a pathogenic variant in FBN1will develop aortic disease at some point in their lifetime (PMID: 18310266).
Approximately 25% of individuals with MFS have a de novo pathogenic variant, and gonadal mosaicism has also been reported (PMID: 27437668).
Management
Regardless of current clinical presentation, counseling regarding the risk for more severe features in individuals and their offspring is recommended (PMID: 20591885). The following surveillance and management options are also suggested.
Annual ophthalmologic evaluation is recommended for the detection of ectopia lentis, cataracts, glaucoma, and retinal detachment with aggressive refraction (to prevent amblyopia; PMID: 20591885).
Referral to orthopedist is recommended for standard management of skeletal manifestations, including scoliosis and pectus deformity (PMID: 20591885).
Contact sports, exercise exhaustion, and isometric activities involving a Valsalva maneuver should be avoided. Moderate exercise is appropriate and encouraged in most individuals with FBN1-related conditions (PMID: 20591885).
Genetic counseling and testing are recommended for affected individuals and at-risk family members to explain testing, interpret genetic test results, and arrange familial testing (PMID: 20359588).
Review date: February 2018
Invitae is a College of American Pathologists (CAP)-accredited and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-certified clinical diagnostic laboratory performing full-gene sequencing and deletion/duplication analysis using next-generation sequencing technology (NGS).
Our sequence analysis covers clinically important regions of each gene, including coding exons and 10 to 20 base pairs of adjacent intronic sequence on either side of the coding exons in the transcript listed below. In addition, the analysis covers the select non-coding variants specifically defined in the table below. Any variants that fall outside these regions are not analyzed. Any limitations in the analysis of these genes will be listed on the report. Contact client services with any questions.
Based on validation study results, this assay achieves >99% analytical sensitivity and specificity for single nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions <15bp in length, and exon-level deletions and duplications. Invitae's methods also detect insertions and deletions larger than 15bp but smaller than a full exon but sensitivity for these may be marginally reduced. Invitae’s deletion/duplication analysis determines copy number at a single exon resolution at virtually all targeted exons. However, in rare situations, single-exon copy number events may not be analyzed due to inherent sequence properties or isolated reduction in data quality. Certain types of variants, such as structural rearrangements (e.g. inversions, gene conversion events, translocations, etc.) or variants embedded in sequence with complex architecture (e.g. short tandem repeats or segmental duplications), may not be detected. Additionally, it may not be possible to fully resolve certain details about variants, such as mosaicism, phasing, or mapping ambiguity. Unless explicitly guaranteed, sequence changes in the promoter, non-coding exons, and other non-coding regions are not covered by this assay. Please consult the test definition on our website for details regarding regions or types of variants that are covered or excluded for this test. This report reflects the analysis of an extracted genomic DNA sample. In very rare cases, (circulating hematolymphoid neoplasm, bone marrow transplant, recent blood transfusion) the analyzed DNA may not represent the patient's constitutional genome.
Gene | Transcript reference | Sequencing analysis | Deletion/Duplication analysis |
---|---|---|---|
FBN1 | NM_000138.4 |